Celebrating and honouring Indigenous languages

IH serves an area with a rich linguistic heritage of diverse Indigenous Peoples preserving traditions and connecting generations. At IH, we honour First Nations, Inuit and Métis and the stories carried through language.

There are 36 First Nation languages in B.C. including several dialects of the Dãkelh Dené, Ktunaxa, Nlaka’pamux, syilx, Secwépemc, St’át’imc and Tŝilhqot’in (Host) Nation languages, plus the languages of Métis, Inuit and Urban and Away from Home Indigenous Peoples.

Indigenous languages are treasures and contribute to the diversity and richness of the linguistic and cultural heritage of Turtle Island. In November 2021, the United Nations declared 2022–2032 the International Decade of Indigenous Languages. The declaration draws attention to the critical loss of Indigenous languages, and to promote and revitalize Indigenous languages worldwide, highlighting cultural importance and supporting language preservation.

Building on that momentum, Canada worked with First Nations, Inuit and Métis partners to developCanada’s National Action Plan for the International Decade of Indigenous Languages. Canada’s National Action Plan provides a framework to further support Indigenous Peoples in their efforts to reclaim, revitalize, maintain, strengthen and promote Indigenous languages in Canada.

Language is integral to Indigenous cultures and histories and considered deeply personal, connecting individuals, families and communities across generations and distances. Language conveys wisdom and traditions from Elders to young people, from one generation to the next.

Indigenous languages face threats to their vitality.

In 2021, approximately one in eight Indigenous people reported they could speak one of 70 distinct Indigenous languages well enough to conduct a conversation.

Indigenous languages in Canada are considered at risk, with several being classified as endangered. As documented by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission, this is the result of intergenerational impacts of cultural genocide and discriminatory governing policies, most notably residential schools, and what is referred to the Sixties Scoop. The Sixties Scoop refers to the systems where Indigenous children were “scooped” from their homes and families and put into the foster care system and adopted out to non-Indigenous people around the world.

Today, through the hard work of many, there are signs language revitalization has seen vast improvements, made possible through the funding of language programs, and through the dedicated support of language speakers, mentors and teachers, and language learners. According to Statistics Canada, Indigenous people who reported learning an Indigenous language as their second language rose from 24.8 per cent in 2016 to 27.7 per cent in 2021.

Explore the many ways Indigenous communities are sharing and promoting their languages, oral cultures and linguistic histories: 

• FirstVoices, an interactive language learning resource

• The Gabriel Dumont Institutes for Michif language resources 

• The Inuktut Tusaalanga site for Inuktut language resources

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