Electromyography (EMG) and Nerve Conduction Studies (NCS)

EMG/NCS examinations are conducted by trained technologists and interpreted by physicians with expertise in clinical neurophysiology.

Clinical Indications

EMG and NCS are commonly used in the evaluation of:

• Peripheral neuropathies (e.g., diabetic, inflammatory, or compressive neuropathies)
• Radiculopathies and plexopathies
• Neuromuscular junction disorders
• Myopathies
• Motor neuron disorders
• Entrapment neuropathies (e.g., carpal tunnel syndrome, ulnar neuropathy)
• Unexplained weakness, numbness, or muscle wasting

Types of Studies

EMG diagnostic testing may include:

• Motor and sensory nerve conduction studies
• Needle electromyography
• Repetitive nerve stimulation (where indicated)

Procedure Overview

Nerve conduction studies involve surface electrodes used to stimulate nerves and record electrical responses. Needle electromyography involves the insertion of a fine needle electrode into selected muscles to assess electrical activity at rest and with activation. While mild discomfort may occur, the procedures are generally well tolerated.

Reporting and Interpretation

Results are analyzed to assess nerve conduction velocities, response amplitudes, muscle activation patterns, and evidence of denervation or reinnervation. Findings are interpreted in correlation with clinical history and examination, and a comprehensive report is provided to the referring clinician.